ESP8266 IoT Energy Monitor and Over Current Cut-off

The ESP8266 IoT Energy Monitor and Over Current Cut-off system functions by combining microcontroller logic with specialized sensing hardware to monitor and protect AC electrical circuits. At the heart of the sensing network is the ZMCT103C current sensor, which safely measures alternating current flowing through an appliance without making direct electrical contact with the high-voltage conductor. This analog current data is processed by the Arduino board, which utilizes the EmonLib library to accurately calculate real-time power consumption metrics like current and power usage. The system is governed by user-defined threshold limits; if the monitored current exceeds a safe operating level, the microcontroller immediately triggers a relay module. The relay acts as an electromagnetic switch that physically breaks the AC circuit, cutting power to the appliance to prevent overdraw and potential electrical hazards. Simultaneously, the ESP8266-01 module leverages the ESP Dash library to establish a Wi-Fi connection, transmitting the telemetry data to a web-based dashboard. This enables the user to remotely view energy consumption statistics and monitor the operational status of the connected AC appliance in real time.