IoT Water Monitoring System with TDS, Turbidity and Pump Control

The IoT Water Monitoring System integrates sensing, processing, and relay actuation to manage water quality and levels autonomously via an ESP32 DevKit v1 and IndusBoard Coin V2. At the core of the system, analog inputs are gathered from a TDS sensor and a turbidity sensor, which measure total dissolved solids and water clarity respectively. Water level detection is achieved using three stainless steel probes submerged at different heights, completing electrical circuits through the water to determine fluid thresholds. Power is supplied safely to the control board and peripherals using a 5V power adaptor connected via a USB-C cable. The ESP32 processes these incoming analog and digital signals using the Arduino IDE environment and the GravityTDS.h library to accurately calculate water purity metrics. Based on the sensor thresholds and real-time conditions, the microcontroller triggers a 5V single relay module. This relay acts as an electrically isolated electronic switch capable of turning a connected water pump on or off. Because the ESP32 features onboard Wi-Fi capabilities, the processed telemetry data and pump states can also be transmitted remotely over a wireless network, enabling seamless automated control and remote oversight of the entire fluid management infrastructure.