Let's Build a Low Cost Drone using ESP32

This project implements a WiFi-controlled DIY quadcopter centered around the ESP32 Wroom Module, which acts as the main flight controller and wireless communication hub. The ESP32 communicates with the MPU6050 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) via I2C to constantly read acceleration and gyroscope data, determining the drone's spatial orientation in real-time. Based on this sensor feedback and control commands received over WiFi from a smartphone or Python API, the ESP32 calculates necessary trajectory adjustments and outputs high-frequency Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals. Because the ESP32 operates at 3.3V logic, the MIC5219-3.3YM5 LDO regulator steps down voltage cleanly to power the microcontroller. The PWM signals are routed to a bank of SI2302 N-MOSFETs, which act as electronic switches capable of driving the high current required by the four 720 Coreless Motors. Directional thrust is generated by two 55mm type A (clockwise) and two 55mm type B (counter-clockwise) propellers. Power is supplied by a rechargeable 1300mAh 30C LiPo battery. The onboard TP4056 Li-ion charger IC manages safe battery replenishment via the 16-pin Type C USB Connector, while discrete components like the AO3401 P-MOSFET, 2N7002DW dual N-MOSFET, SS34 diode, and 1N4148 diodes handle power distribution, signal routing, and reverse-polarity protection. Additionally, an integrated SD Card Reader allows for flight data logging and diagnostic storage during operation.