Smart Dustbin using Arduino

The Smart Dustbin using Arduino is an automated waste disposal system designed to open and close its lid without physical contact. At the core of the project is an Arduino Nano microcontroller, which acts as the brain of the circuit. Power is supplied by a 7.4V Li-ion battery connected through a DC socket and switch. Because the Arduino Nano, sensors, and servos require specific operating voltages, an LM2596 DC-DC buck converter is used to step down and regulate the battery voltage to a safe, stable level for the electronics. For sensing user presence, the project uses two complementary sensors: an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and a generic IR Sensor. The HC-SR04 measures distance by emitting high-frequency sound waves and timing how long they take to bounce back from an approaching hand or object, while the IR sensor detects reflected infrared light to sense close-range movement. When either sensor detects a user, the Arduino processes the input signal and commands two MG996R servo motors to rotate. These high-torque servo motors are mechanically linked to the dustbin lid, pulling it open. After a brief delay, the Arduino reverses the servo motor rotation to seamlessly close the lid. Additionally, two LEDs are integrated into the circuit to provide visual indicators for status or power, while jumper wires and a breadboard or PCB secure all the electrical connections together.