Smart Home Using Arduino Uno R4 WiFi

The Smart Home Using Arduino Uno R4 WiFi system operates by combining environmental sensors with microcontroller logic to monitor and respond to domestic conditions. At the core of the circuit is the Arduino Uno R4 WiFi board, which reads analog and digital data from various input devices. The DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor continuously measures ambient atmospheric conditions, while the LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) changes its resistance based on ambient light levels to monitor room brightness. Additionally, the MQ-2 gas sensor detects the presence of combustible gases or smoke in the vicinity. The Arduino processes these incoming signals through its programmed firmware, which utilizes specialized libraries like the DHT sensor library and WiFiS3. Based on the sensor thresholds, the system executes automated responses, such as illuminating specific LEDs (Green, White, or Red) to indicate system status, environmental states, or warnings. If hazardous gas concentrations are detected, the system triggers the piezo buzzer to alert occupants locally. Furthermore, the built-in ESP32-S3 module on the Uno R4 WiFi connects to a local wireless network, allowing the microcontroller to transmit sensor data and receive remote control commands via the Blynk App running on a smartphone. Power is supplied to the entire breadboard and sensor array using a stable 5V-9V DC power supply or a 3.7V lithium battery, ensuring portable or continuous benchtop operation.