Ultrasonic Liquid Level Monitoring System Using MATLAB

The Ultrasonic Liquid Level Monitoring System operates by utilizing high-frequency sound waves to measure the distance between the top of a liquid tank and the surface of the liquid. At the core of the system is an Arduino Uno, which acts as the central processing unit and controller. Connected to the Arduino is an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor module, positioned securely above the liquid tank pointing downward toward the fluid. The Arduino sends a short trigger signal to the HC-SR04, prompting it to emit an ultrasonic burst. This sound wave travels downward, reflects off the surface of the liquid, and bounces back to the sensor as an echo. The HC-SR04 detects this reflection and outputs an echo pulse whose duration is directly proportional to the total travel time. By measuring the length of this pulse using the Arduino Uno, the system calculates the exact distance using the known speed of sound. Once the distance from the sensor to the liquid surface is determined, the Arduino transmits this data over a serial communication link to a connected PC. Running on the PC is a custom MATLAB interface, which receives the serial data, processes it, and displays the liquid level in real-time through a graphical user interface (GUI). This allows users to continuously monitor liquid height, assess volume changes, and maintain safe operational thresholds from a remote workstation.