Arduino based Coal Mining Safety Robot To Detect Gas and Fires

The Arduino-based coal mining safety robot functions as an autonomous or remotely monitored scout designed to survey hazardous underground environments. At the heart of the system is an Arduino Uno microcontroller, which reads real-time environmental data from various attached sensors. An MQ2 gas sensor detects combustible gases and toxic leaks, while an LM35 temperature sensor and a humidity sensor continuously monitor atmospheric conditions to identify potential fire hazards or unsafe working climates. The Arduino Uno processes these incoming sensor readings and displays them locally on a 16x2 LCD screen for immediate visual feedback. Simultaneously, data can be transmitted remotely using a Zigbee transmitter and receiver set, allowing operators to monitor mine conditions from a safe distance. For mobility, the robot uses two 5V DC motors controlled via P55NF06 MOSFETs, which act as electronic switches allowing the low-power digital pins of the Arduino to manage the higher current requirements of the motors. In the event of a detected fire or extreme temperature spike, the Arduino triggers a 12V relay module. This relay acts as an electrically operated switch that activates a water pump powered by a 12V battery, enabling the robot to initiate early fire suppression before human intervention is possible.