Automatic Wiper Controller for Vehicles

The Automatic Wiper Controller for Vehicles operates as a discrete timing and motor control circuit designed to automate windscreen wiper motion. At the heart of the timing mechanism is IC1, a 555 timer configured to generate periodic control pulses, aided by timing resistors and capacitors including the 47µF 25V electrolytic capacitor and 0.01µF filter capacitor. Power regulation is handled by IC3, an LM7805 5V voltage regulator that steps down the 12V battery input to provide a stable 5V reference supply for the control logic. The output of the timer circuit interfaces with a switching stage comprised of a BC548 NPN transistor (T1) and a BC558 PNP transistor (T2), which work together to amplify the control signals and drive the downstream logic. To reverse the direction of the wiper and provide the necessary bidirectional motion, IC2, an L293D dual-channel motor driver IC, receives the signals and safely switches current to M1, a 12V geared DC motor simulating the wiper mechanism. Protection is integrated via a 1N4007 rectifier diode (D1) to guard against inductive voltage spikes, while a 5mm LED (LED1) provides visual status indication. A 2-pin connector (CON1) serves as the physical interface for power input from the 12V automotive battery.