Biometric Electronic Voting System with Real-Time Authentication and Keypad

The Biometric Electronic Voting System operates by combining biometric authentication with manual user input to ensure secure, one-person-one-vote election processes. At the heart of the system is the Arduino Uno microcontroller, which coordinates data flow between the user interface and the biometric scanner. When a voter approaches the system, their fingerprint is scanned using the R305 fingerprint sensor. The sensor communicates with the Arduino Uno to verify the user's identity against pre-registered biometric templates, preventing unauthorized access or double voting. Once authentication is successfully completed, the system unlocks the voting interface. The voter then uses the four push-to-on switches configured as a candidate selection keypad to cast their ballot. As the vote is registered, visual feedback is provided to the user and election administrator via the 20x4 LCD display, which shows prompt messages, voting status, and tally confirmations. A 10k potentiometer is connected to the LCD contrast pin to ensure the text remains clearly legible under varying lighting conditions. Simultaneously, the buzzer provides audible feedback—sounding distinct tones to indicate successful authentication, valid vote submission, or error states. The entire circuit is prototyped on a breadboard and powered via a USB cable connected to the Arduino Uno, establishing a reliable, self-contained embedded system for secure local balloting.