DIY Smart Switch for Farm Automation using Arduino

The DIY Smart Switch system is powered sustainably by a 50W solar panel regulated by a 12V solar charge controller, which supplies stable power to the circuit. Because the system requires specific voltage levels for different components, a DC-DC down converter steps down the voltage to safely power the Arduino Uno microcontroller and associated logic circuits. The user interface features a 16x2 display connected via an I2C module, which reduces wiring complexity while allowing the system to output real-time status updates and operational data visually. Communication with the user is handled through a GSM with GPRS module, enabling the system to receive remote commands initiated via a custom smartphone interface built using MIT App Inventor. When a command is received, the Arduino processes the input logic and triggers a relay module. This low-voltage relay acts as an electronic switch to safely control heavy-duty contactors, which in turn manage the high-current electrical load required to operate agricultural machinery such as irrigation pumps.