Simple Light Following Robot using Arduino UNO

The Simple Light Following Robot operates by continuously comparing analog light intensity levels gathered from two independent LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor modules placed on the front of the 2WD robot chassis. As ambient light hits the sensors, their internal resistance changes, generating proportional analog voltage signals that are read by the Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller. The Arduino processes these incoming values to determine whether the left or right sensor is receiving more illumination. Based on this comparison, the microcontroller issues specific control signals to the MX1508 motor driver module. The MX1508 acts as an intermediate power interface, supplying the necessary current and voltage from the 9V battery or 4 AA battery pack to independently drive the DC motors included in the 2WD robot car kit. If the left LDR detects a higher light intensity, the Arduino commands the motor driver to adjust wheel speeds so the robot steers toward the left; conversely, if the right LDR detects more light, the robot steers to the right. When both sensors receive balanced illumination, the robot moves forward, effectively tracking the moving light source across the floor.