Build a DIY Oscilloscope using Arduino Nano and OLED Display

This DIY oscilloscope project functions by combining analog signal conditioning with microcontroller-based analog-to-digital conversion and digital display rendering. Incoming electrical signals pass through an input stage featuring an LM358 operational amplifier IC, which helps condition and buffer the waveform. Resistors and 0.1uF capacitors are utilized around the circuit for biasing, filtering, and optional voltage division, protecting the microcontroller from out-of-range voltages while scaling the input appropriately. Once conditioned, the signal is routed to the analog input of the Arduino Nano. The Arduino Nano's internal Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) samples the incoming voltage levels at regular intervals. The Arduino processes these discrete samples into data points representing the waveform's amplitude over time. Using the Wire.h library for I2C communication and the SimpleSH1106.h library, the Arduino translates this processed waveform data into a visual graphical representation. This rendered image is then output directly to the 1.3-inch OLED display, allowing users to visually inspect and analyze electrical characteristics like sine, square, and triangular waves. Additionally, two tactile switch buttons integrated into the circuit allow the user to interact with the device, likely controlling settings or adjusting parameters directly on the display interface.