Crowd Monitoring Device with Arduino UNO R4 and IoT Cloud

The Crowd Monitoring Device operates as an automated, cloud-connected occupancy tracking system built around the Arduino UNO R4 WiFi. The core sensing mechanism relies on two IR sensors strategically positioned to detect movement. When an object or person passes the first sensor, the system registers an entry event, increments an internal counter, and commands one of the MG90S servo motors to open a barrier gate. Conversely, triggering the second sensor registers an exit event, decrements the counter, and operates the second servo to manage outgoing traffic. The microcontroller processes these digital inputs and continuously updates local status outputs using its onboard LED matrix driven by the Arduino_LED_Matrix and ArduinoGraphics libraries. Simultaneously, the integrated ESP32 module on the UNO R4 WiFi establishes a connection with Arduino Cloud, transmitting real-time occupancy data over the internet for remote monitoring. The entire circuit is powered either by an external 6V-24V DC supply or a 2S Li-ion battery pack connected to the board's Vin pin, while the mini breadboards and jumper wires facilitate clean power distribution and signal routing between the microcontroller, servos, and sensors.